Sponsor The Charleston Braves For The 2015 Season !

Dear Sponsor, We would like to THANK YOU for considering the opportunity to sponsor the Charleston Braves for the 2015 season! Currently, we are very excited for what the 2015 season. We have a great deal of talented players who are going to give it their all every day they step onto the field. The Charleston Braves are a Triple-A minor league baseball team that is located in beautiful Charleston, West Virginia. Playing at this level will help shape the future of the Charleston Braves at the Major League Level. We believe in building, developing the skills and fundamentals of baseball. We are seeking sponsors who would like to be associated with this program. All of our home games are played at beautiful Chase Bank Park. In return for your sponsorship, your business will be advertised with a banner on the outfield fence, on our website (http://charlestonbaseball.org/) and Facebook page! You will also receive team photo to display in your business as a token of our appreciation. All who come to the park all spring and summer long will view your banner! For those who have sponsored us in previous years, we THANK YOU and look forward to your continued support. Attached you will find a sheet with your sponsorship options. With your support, you can help continue our overall success as a baseball program and be proud of in your Braves. Thank you for all your Support Respectfully, Charleston Braves Charleston Braves Sponsorship Levels Levels CorporateShow MoreRelatedSample Letter For Sponsor The Charleston Braves For The 2015 Season !965 Words   |  4 PagesCharleston Braves Dear Sponsor, We would like to THANK YOU for considering the opportunity to sponsor the Charleston Braves for the 2015 season! Currently, we are very excited for what the 2015 season. We have a great deal of talented players who are going to give it their all every day they step onto the field. The Charleston Braves are a Triple-A minor league baseball team that is located in beautiful Charleston, West Virginia. Playing at this level will help shape the future of the CharlestonRead MoreSample Letter For Sponsor The Charleston Braves For The 2015 Season955 Words   |  4 PagesCharleston Braves Dear Sponsor, We would like to THANK YOU for considering the opportunity to sponsor the Charleston Braves for the 2015 season! We are very excited for what the 2015 season has in store for our organization. We have a great deal of talented players who are going to give it their all every day they step onto the field. The Charleston Braves are a Triple-A minor league baseball team that is located in beautiful community. Playing at this level will help shape the future ofRead MoreInaugural Braves At Beautiful Chase Bank Park955 Words   |  4 Pages Charleston Braves Dear Sponsor, We would like to THANK YOU for considering the opportunity to sponsor the Charleston Braves for the 2015 season! We are very excited for what the 2015 season has in store for our organization. We have a great deal of talented players who are going to give it their all every day they step onto the field. The Charleston Braves are a Triple-A minor league baseball team that is located in beautiful community. Playing at this level will help shape the future

FrostsMending Wall, By Robert Frost - 841 Words

Mending Wall was influenced by Frosts neighbor while he lived on his farm in New Hampshire. Like in Home Burial, and Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, Mending Wall is based on Frosts experiences in New England. Frost and his neighbor met every spring to wall along their stone wall and fix any problems with it, this is the exact setting of Mending Wall (History). Frosts neighbor, like the neighbor in the poem, always believed in the same saying good fences make good neighbors. The only major difference between the poem and Frosts actual experiences is that in the poem the farmer and his neighbor had orchards, while Frost had a poultry farm (History). To this day Frost remains one of the most significant poets and†¦show more content†¦This proves that everything he wrote had an impact on the literary world and what he wrote was important too. Furthermore, Frost was nominated for the Nobel Prize in 1950 and was close to winning it again in 1961, but failed to win it because of his advanced age (Kainzow). To be so close to winning one of the most recognized awards at the age of 86, further proves his significance in the literary canon. Frost was so important to the literary world that Poet Society of America named an award after him. The Robert Frost Medal is awarded to poets for their distinguished lifetime achievement in American poetry (Frost). In 1960 Frost was presented with the Congressional Gold Medal, which is the highest award an American civilian can win. President John F. Kennedy presented him with the award in 1960 and a year later President Kennedy asked Frost to recite a poem at his inauguration (Biography). Frost recited The Gift Outright but because his vision was begging to fail he had to memorize the poem. This shows just how popular Frost was, and how well respect he was too. Frosts importance to the literary canon can be shown by more than the awards he has won. Frost was able to reach a large and diversified readership (Caravantes), unlike poets like Shakespear whose work can be found harder to read and comprehend, Frosts work consisted of colloquial language which allowed him to be able to speak in poetic but plain language

Business Analysis Of The Print Shop Accounting Essay Free Essays

The Print Shop and Anglian Digital Solutions have been merchandising since 1998 and prides itself on quality and dependability. We produce both litho-printing aimed at medium to long tallies, and digital printing for print tallies of up to 1000 transcripts. Both of our printing services are backed with our in-house design studio to assist give your concern the border. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Analysis Of The Print Shop Accounting Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now We like to impart our client ‘s demands right, bring forthing your merchandise in the most cost effectual manner so we have split the company into two different concern watercourses. The Print Shop for all lithographic demands and Anglian Digital Solutions for digital print. All citations are channeled into the right concern watercourse to give you value for money. Accounting: Accounting is the art of recording, sum uping, coverage, and analysing fiscal minutess. An accounting system can be a simple, useful cheque registry, or, as with Microsoft Office Small Business Accounting 2006, it can be a complete record of all the activities of a concern, supplying inside informations of every facet of the concern, leting the analysis of concern tendencies, and supplying penetration into future chances. When you study accounting you are basically larning this specialised linguistic communication. This is because the information required by most organisations is really similar and can be broken down into three chief classs: Operating Information This is the information that is needed on a daily footing in order for the organisation to carry on its concern. Employees need to acquire paid, gross revenues need to be tracked, the sums owed to other organisations or persons need to be tracked, the sum of money the organisation has needs to be monitored, the sums that clients owe the organisation demand to be checked, any stock list demands to be accounted for: the list goes on and on.A Fiscal Accounting Information This is the information that is used by directors, stockholders, Bankss, creditors, the authorities, the populace, etcaˆÂ ¦ to do determinations affecting the organisation and its operations. Shareholders want information about what their investing is deserving and whether they should purchase or sell portions, bankers and other creditors want to cognize whether the organisation has an ability to pay back money Lent, directors want to cognize how the company is making compared to other companies. This type of information would be really hard to pull out if every company used a different system for entering their fiscal place. Fiscal accounting information is capable to a set of land regulations that dictate how the information is reported and this ensures uniformity. A Managerial Accounting Information In order for the directors of a company to do the best determinations for a company they need to hold specific information prepared. They use this information for three chief direction maps: planning, execution and control. Fiscal information is used to put budgets, analyze different options on a cost footing, and modify programs as the demand arises, and control and supervise the work that is being done.A Balance Sheet A Balance Sheet is a position study that shows information about the organisation ‘s resources at one given clip. Examples of information found on a balance sheet are how much hard currency is in the bank, what is owed to creditors, and the value of the company ‘s assets. Income Statement An Income Statement ( besides called a Statement of Net incomes, Statement of Operations, or a Net income and Loss Statement ) is a study that shows the flow of grosss ( sums earned from concern activity ) and disbursals ( sums paid in the class of operations ) over a given period of clip, typically a month, one-fourth, or twelvemonth. Statement of Cash Flow As the name suggests, this is besides a flow statement that inside informations the motion of hard currency through the organisation over a specified period. A The whole intent of accounting is to supply information that is utile and relevant for interested paras when doing determinations sing the company and its operations. In order to make that efficaciously, a specific linguistic communication and subsequent regulations have been developed for users of the information. By larning accounting you learn these regulations and can so pass on fiscal information with others in a comprehendible and comparable mode. Finance Operation: It is an authorization which is discerning with finding the criterions and determinations doing. It besides function allocates resources, including the geting, puting, and managing of resources. These maps are performed in all organisations, irrespective of their sizes, legal signifiers of organisation and they contribute to the endurance and growing of the house. Finance maps are concerned with the basic concern activities of a house, in add-on to external environmental factors which affect basic concern activities, viz. , production and selling. Current fiscal factors impacting the finance map include: Pressures to optimise fiscal public presentation Frequent alterations in accounting criterions Increased coverage and revelation demands Increased conformity demands Accounting Techniques: Control techniques provide directors with the type and sum of information they need to mensurate and supervise public presentation. The information from assorted controls must be tailored to a specific direction degree, section, unit, or operation. To guarantee complete and consistent information, organisations frequently use standardised paperss such as fiscal, position, and undertaking studies. Each country within an organisation, nevertheless, uses its ain specific control techniques, described in the undermentioned subdivisions. Fiscal controls: After the organisation has schemes in topographic point to make its ends, financess are set aside for the necessary resources and labour. As money is spent, statements are updated to reflect how much was spent, how it was spent, and what it obtained. Directors use these fiscal statements, such as an income statement or balance sheet, to supervise the advancement of plans and programs. Fiscal statements supply direction with information to supervise fiscal resources and activities. The â€Å" income statement † shows the consequences of the organisation ‘s operations over a period of clip, such as grosss, disbursals, and net income or loss. The â€Å" balance sheet † shows what the organisation is deserving ( assets ) at a individual point in clip, and the extent to which those assets were financed through debt ( liabilities ) or proprietor ‘s investing ( equity ) . Fiscal audits, or formal probes, are on a regular basis conducted to guarantee that fiscal direction patterns follow by and large accepted processs, policies, Torahs, and ethical guidelines. Financial ratio analysis examines the relationship between specific figures on the fiscal statements and helps explicate the significance of those figures: Liquidity ratios: step an organisation ‘s ability to bring forth hard currency. Profitability ratios: step an organisation ‘s ability to bring forth net incomes. Debt ratios step an organisation ‘s ability to pay its debts. Activity ratios: step an organisation ‘s efficiency in operations and usage of assets. In add-on, fiscal duty centres require directors to account for a unit ‘s advancement toward fiscal ends within the range of their influences. A director ‘s ends and duties may concentrate on unit net incomes, costs, grosss, or investings. Budget controls: A budget depicts how much an organisation expects to pass ( disbursals ) and earn ( grosss ) over a clip period. Sums are categorized harmonizing to the type of concern activity or history, such as telephone costs or gross revenues of catalogs. Budgets non merely aid directors plan their fundss, but besides assist them maintain path of their overall disbursement. Budget development processes vary among organisations harmonizing to who does the budgeting and how the fiscal resources are allocated. Some budget development methods are as follows: Top-down budgeting: Directors prepare the budget and direct it to subsidiaries. Bottom-up budgeting: Figures come from the lower degrees and are adjusted and coordinated as they move up the hierarchy. Zero-based budgeting: Directors develop each new budget by warranting the jutting allotment against its part to departmental or organisational ends. Flexible budgeting: Any budget exercising can integrate flexible budgets, which set â€Å" meet or round † criterions that can be compared to outgos. Selling controls: Selling controls help supervise advancement toward ends for client satisfaction with merchandises and services, monetary values, and bringing. The following are illustrations of controls used to measure an organisation ‘s selling maps: Market research gathers data to measure client needs-information critical to an organisation ‘s success. Ongoing market research reflects how good an organisation is run intoing clients ‘ outlooks and helps expect client demands. Marketing statistics step public presentation by roll uping informations and analysing consequences. In most instances, competence with a computing machine spreadsheet plan is all a director needs. Directors look at selling ratios, which step profitableness, activity, and market portions, every bit good as gross revenues quotas, which step advancement toward gross revenues ends and aid with stock list controls. Unfortunately, scheduling a regular rating of an organisation ‘s selling plan is easier to urge than to put to death. Human resource controls: Human resource controls aid directors modulate the quality of freshly hired forces, every bit good as proctor current employees ‘ developments and day-to-day public presentations. On a day-to-day footing, directors can travel a long manner in assisting to command workers ‘ behaviours in organisations. They can assist direct workers ‘ public presentations toward ends by doing certain the ends are clearly set and understood. Directors can besides establish policies and processs to assist steer workers ‘ actions. Common control types include public presentation assessments, disciplinary plans, observations, and preparation and development appraisals. Because the quality of a house ‘s forces, to a big grade, determines the house ‘s overall effectivity, commanding this country is really important. Performance restrictions: Although direction information systems have the possible to increase overall public presentation, replacing long-time organisational employees with information systems engineering may ensue in the loss of adept cognition that these persons hold. Additionally, computerized information systems are expensive and hard to develop. After the system has been purchased, organizing it-possibly with bing equipment-may be more hard than expected. Consequently, a company may cut corners or put in the system heedlessly to the hurt of the system ‘s public presentation and public-service corporation. And like other sophisticated electronic equipment, information systems do non work all the clip, ensuing in dearly-won downtime. Behavioral restrictions: Information engineering allows directors to entree more information than of all time before. But excessively much information can overpower employees, cause emphasis, and even slow determination devising. Therefore, pull offing the quality and sum of information available to avoid information overload is of import. Health hazards: Potentially serious health-related issues associated with the usage of computing machines and other information engineerings have been raised in recent old ages. An illustration is carpal tunnel syndrome, a painful upset in the custodies and carpuss caused by insistent motions ( such as those made on a keyboard ) . Regardless of the control processes used, an effectual system determines whether employees and assorted parts of an organisation are on mark in accomplishing organisational aims. Statistical Techniques to Test a Hypothesis: A statistical hypothesis trial is a method of doing statistical determinations utilizing experimental informations. In statistics, a consequence is called statistically important if it is improbable to hold occurred by opportunity. The phrase â€Å" trial of significance † was coined by Ronald Fisher: â€Å" Critical trials of this sort may be called trials of significance, and when such trials are available we may detect whether a 2nd sample is or is non significantly different from the first. Hypothesis testing is sometimes called confirmatory informations analysis, in contrast to exploratory informations analysis. In frequence chance, these determinations are about ever made utilizing null-hypothesis trials ; that is, 1s that answer the inquiry â€Å" Assuming that the void hypothesis is true, what is the chance of detecting a value for the trial statistic that is at least every bit utmost as the value that was really observed † ? One usage of hypothesis testing is make up one’s minding whether experimental consequences contain adequate information to project uncertainty on conventional wisdom. Statistical hypothesis testing is a cardinal technique of frequents statistical illation, and is widely used, but besides much criticized. The chief direct option to statistical hypothesis testing is Bayesian illation. However, other attacks to making a determination based on informations are available via determination theory and optimum determinations. The critical part of a hypothesis trial is the set of all results which, if they occur, will take us to make up one’s mind that there is a difference. That is, do the void hypothesis to be rejected in favour of the alternate hypothesis. Undertaking 2: Identifying Users of Accounting Information: So accounting exists in order to supply information for interested parties to do determinations, now we can logically inquire: ‘Who are these interested parties? ‘ and ‘For what sort of determinations is accounting information required? ‘ Figure 1.1 shows the major groups of people who have an involvement in an organisation. The figure relates to a private sector concern but minor changes in the rubrics of the participants would do it every bit relevant to any organisation – for illustration, a authorities section, a local authorities unit, a charity, a nationalized industry, a school or a college. Staying with the illustration of a private endeavor concern, we can place the types of determination that each of the participants might necessitate to do with regard to the organisation and the information required. These are as follows: proprietors, the authorities, direction, clients, providers of goods and services, loaners, employers, rivals and anteroom groups. OwnersA Owners are concerned with doing two types of determinations: Investing determinations ; and Stewardship decisions.A Investing determinations are chiefly concerned with increasing the wealth of the proprietors. Those who own concerns usually do so with the purpose of increasing their wealth. Therefore, proprietors will wish to measure the extent to which the concern has generated fiscal benefits ( net incomes etc. ) and the likely future chances of the concern. They will besides wish to measure the grade of hazard associated with their investing in the concern. Information associating to associated hazards and returns will be utile when make up one’s minding whether to keep or sell their ownership involvement in the concern. In larger concerns, the proprietors tend non to exert daily control over the activities of the concern. Alternatively, directors will frequently run the concern on behalf of the proprietors. This possible struggle creates a demand among proprietors to have accounting information from the directors that reveals how the resources of the concern have been used. The proviso of information by directors to proprietors for this intent is referred to as stewardship accounting. Government: A authorities may necessitate information from a concern for a assortment of grounds including revenue enhancement, ordinance, economic direction and authorities contracts. Tax: A Businesss are taxed on the footing of their accounting net incomes ( capable to certain accommodations ) ; authorities ( in the signifier of the Inland Revenue ) needs information on each concern in order to make up one’s mind how much revenue enhancement to charge. Economic direction: Governments may besides utilize accounting information associating to concerns to assist in the general direction of the economic system. For illustration, accounting information may be utile in make up one’s minding whether to give support to concerns in a peculiar industry. Fiscal Statement Restrictions: The first restriction is that they are ever in the past tense†¦ they look back, non in front. Second, they merely reflect fiscal minutess. So all the of import things that are go oning in the company, the industry and the market place are non reflected†¦ has at that place been a direction reorganization, has the company fallen behind in merchandise development or engineering, has a rival late introduced a great merchandise, are at that place pending ordinances that will impact the company. Many things can impact the computation of ratios and do comparings hard. The restrictions include: The usage of estimations in apportioning costs to each period. The ratios will be every bit accurate as the estimations. The cost rule is used to fix fiscal statements. Financial information is non adjusted for monetary value alterations or inflation/deflation. Companies have a pick of accounting methods. These differences impact ratios and do it hard to compare companies utilizing different methods. Companies may hold different financial twelvemonth ends doing comparing hard if the industry is cyclical. Diversified companies are hard to sort for comparing intents. Fiscal statement analysis does non supply replies to all the users ‘ inquiries. In fact, it normally generates more inquiries. Non Financial Key Performance Indexs: Non-financial cardinal public presentation indexs, or KPIs, enable companies to mensurate the consequences of theirA † corporate duty and sustainability † A enterprises. By integrating the appropriate KPIs into their procedure, companies can derive a more comprehensive apprehension of how good they are run intoing their corporate duty aims. As organisations embark on environmental, societal and governance enterprises, they are detecting that fiscal steps entirely do non supply an accurate appraisal of their corporate duty advancement. For illustration, traditional fiscal indexs do non to the full capture all facets of a company ‘s relationships with its clients, employees and providers, or stand for its attempts with regard to sustainability. Budgets and Budgetary Function: Budget: A budget is a program expressed in quantitative, normally pecuniary term, covering a specific period of clip, normally one twelvemonth. In other words a budget is a systematic program for the use of work force and material resources. In a concern organisation, a budget represents an estimation of future costs and grosss. Budgets may be divided into two basic categories: Capital Budgets and Operating Budgets. Capital budgets are directed towards proposed outgos for new undertakings and frequently require particular funding. The operating budgets are directed towards accomplishing short-run operational ends of the organisation, for case, production or net income ends in a concern house. Operating budgets may be sub-divided into assorted departmental of functional budgets. The chief features of a budget are: 1. It is prepared in progress and is derived from the long-run scheme of the organisation. 2. It relates to future period for which objectives or ends have already been laid down. It is expressed in quantitative signifier, physical or pecuniary units, or both. Different types of budgets are prepared for different purposed e.g. Gross saless Budget, Production Budget, Administrative Expense Budget, Raw-material Budget etc. All these sectional budgets are afterwards integrated into a maestro budget, which represents an overall program of the organisation. Budgetary Control: No system of planning can be successful without holding an effectual and efficient system of control. Budgeting is closely connected with control. The exercising of control in the organisation with the aid of budgets is known as budgetary control. The procedure of budgetary control includes: 1. Preparation of assorted budgets. 2. Continuous comparing of existent public presentation with budgetary public presentation. 3. Revision of budgets in the visible radiation of changed fortunes. A system of budgetary control should non go stiff. There should be adequate range of flexibleness to supply for single enterprise and thrust. Budgetary control is an of import device for doing the organisation. More efficient on all foreparts. It is an of import tool for commanding costs and accomplishing the overall aims. Alternate Methods for Cost Analysis: There is a assortment of attacks to be analysis, the suitableness of any of which depends upon the intent of an appraisal and the handiness of informations and other resources. It is seldom possible or necessary to place and quantify all costs and all benefits ( or outcomes ) , and the units used to quantify these may differ. Main types of cost analysis include the undermentioned. Cost-of-illness analysis: a finding of the economic impact of an unwellness or status ( typically on a given population, part, or state ) e.g. , of smoke, arthritis or pressure sores, including associated intervention costs Cost-minimization analysis: a finding of the least dearly-won among alternate intercessions that are assumed to bring forth tantamount results Cost-effectiveness analysis ( CEA ) : a comparing of costs in pecuniary units with results in quantitative non-monetary units, e.g. , reduced mortality or morbidity Cost-utility analysis ( CUA ) : a signifier of cost-effectiveness analysis that compares costs in pecuniary units with results in footings of their public-service corporation, normally to the patient, measured, e.g. , in QALYs Cost-consequence analysis: a signifier of cost-effectiveness analysis that presents costs and results in distinct classs, without aggregating or burdening them Cost-benefit analysis ( CBA ) : compares costs and benefits, both of which are quantified in common pecuniary units. Restrictions of Budgetary Controls: The aim of direction accounting is to assist directors accomplish the missions and schemes established for their endeavor. It is a subdivision of accounting that provides fiscal and other information to directors. A cardinal function for direction comptrollers is to set up the control systems used to accomplish organisational ends and minimise hazards. One of the most of import of these is budgetary control, a powerful tool that encourages planning, sets mileposts, evaluates public presentation and suggests waies for betterment. Management comptrollers besides develop information systems that communicate strategic and operational precedences to managerial determination shapers. The aim of this class is to assist participants better understand the function and operation of the budget control and to locate it within the larger context of direction control. Using cognition already acquired in earlier degrees of the MBA plan, this class will allow pupils to get cognition on: – the public-service corporation and operation of a budget control procedure ; – the design of the budgetary control system as a map of the organisational scheme ; – the finding of cost behaviour ; – the usage of budgets to pull off grosss, costs and net incomes ; – the relationship between direction control and organisational construction ; – the organisation of fiscal information in a comprehendible, flexible, accessible and utile signifier to authorise determination devising ; – the rating of public presentation for different administrative units within the organisational construction ; – the development and usage of non fiscal public presentation steps. Undertaking 3: Business Evaluation: It is a procedure and a set of processs used to gauge the economic value of an proprietor ‘s involvement in a concern. Evaluation is used by fiscal market participants to find the monetary value they are willing to pay or have to consummate a sale of a concern. In add-on to gauging the merchandising monetary value of a concern, the same rating tools are frequently used by concern valuators to decide differences related to estate and gift revenue enhancement, divorce judicial proceeding, allocate concern purchase monetary value among concern assets, set up a expression for gauging the value of spouses ‘ ownership involvement for buy-sell understandings, and many other concern and legal intents. Methods for Measuring a Business: Asset Accumulation The Asset Approach is based on the premiss that it is by and large possible to neutralize the belongings, works and equipment ( PP A ; E ) assets of a company and after paying off the company ‘s liabilities the net returns would accrue to the equity of the company. Discounted hard currency flow method This rating method based on free hard currency flow is considered a strong tool because it concentrates on hard currency coevals potency of a concern. Since hazards are non ever easy to find exactly, Beta uses historic informations to mensurate the sensitiveness of the company ‘s hard currency flow, for illustration, through concern rhythms. Market Value This rating method is applicable for quoted companies merely. The market value is determined by multiplying the quoted portion monetary value of the company by the figure of issued portions. This rating reflects the monetary value that the market at a point in clip is prepared to pay for the portions. This rating method loosely takes into history the investors ‘ perceptual experiences about the public presentation of the company and the direction ‘s capablenesss to present a return on their investings. Corporate Hazard: It is a planetary, full-service concern intelligence and hazard direction house. We offer clients a full suite of services to cut down exposures to planetary hazards, A prehend upon concern chances, andA protect employees and assets. Our clients run or seek to run in many of the universe ‘s emerging markets, A and our services are designed to extenuate the hazards of prospecting and runing in these hard parts. We provide the insight necessary for clients to do of import concern determinations in a timely, efficient and comprehensive mode. Cost of Capital: The cost of capital is the cost of a company ‘s financess ( both debt and equity ) , or, from an investor ‘s point of position â€Å" the expected return on a portfolio of all the company ‘s bing securities. † It is used to measure new undertakings of a company as it is the minimal return that investors expect for supplying capital to the company, therefore puting a benchmark that a new undertaking has to run into. Debt vs. Equity: There are two types of funding: equity and debt funding. When looking for money, you must see your company ‘s fiscal strength. The more money proprietors have invested in their concern, the easier it is to pull funding. If your house has a high ratio of equity to debt, you should likely seek debt funding. However, if your company has a high proportion of debt to equity, experts advise that you should increase your ownership capital ( equity investing ) for extra financess. That manner you wo n’t be over-leveraged to the point of endangering your company ‘s endurance. Factors Effecting Capital Cost Structures: Business hazard: Hazard associated with the nature of the industry the concern operates and if the concern hazard is higher the optimum capital construction is required. Tax place: Debt capital is regarded as cheaper because involvement payable is deductible for revenue enhancement intents. Advantage non much for concerns with undiminished revenue enhancement losingss, depreciation revenue enhancement shield as they already have an bing lower revenue enhancement load. Fiscal flexibleness: Depends on how easy a concern can set up finance on sensible footings under inauspicious conditions. Flexibility in raising finance will be influenced by the economic environment ( handiness of rescuers and involvement rates ) and the fiscal place of the concern. Managerial manner: How much to borrow besides depend on directors approach to finance hazard. Conservative directors will usual seek to maintain the debt equity ratio depression. Decision: The concern analysis performed by analyst reduces waste, creates solutions, completes undertakings on clip, Improves efficiency, Document the right demands and it besides reduces the hazard and helps in the growing of the company. How to cite Business Analysis Of The Print Shop Accounting Essay, Essay examples

Nursing Care and Interventions

Question: Discuss about theNursing Care and Interventions. Answer: Admission Assessment for Katie Introduction The term subdural hematoma refers to severe head injury characterized by the accumulation of blood covering the brain tissues (Barr et al., 2013). Also, a subdural hematoma can occur during a mild head injury. For instance, it can be when a person is knocked down by a slow moving car. Recent studies indicate that the condition is high amongst adults (Crisp et al., 2013). Moreover, in most cases clinician have reported that the condition can go unnoticed for up to two weeks; after which the person will start presenting signs of a headache, loss of consciousness, and/or slurred speech. Interestingly, the term subdural hematoma is often used along with mild traumatic brain injury. Mild traumatic brain injury abbreviated as TBI is a brain disorder associated with loss of a consciousness and severe headache (Feigin et al., 2013). As such, the case study Katie McConell is a twenty-three-year-old woman who sustains a subdural hematoma eighteen hours after she was hit by a slowly moving car. The patient is then admitted to the emergency department and later referred to a neurosurgical trauma unit. Katie is diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury and also presents with sore ankles from years of basketball: though she does not like using painkillers. As such, the ideas in this paper seek to illustrate the use of Levett-Jones (2013) clinical reasoning cycle in the formulation of interventions for admission assessment. Notably, the paper will have several sections discussing the five steps of the clinical reasoning cycle. Furthermore, the paper will have a succinct summary of ideas concerning the thesis statement as shown below. Considering Katie's Situation The patient Mrs. Katie McConell is admitted to the acute emergency care unit. The client is a 23-year-old lady and presents to the emergency department with mild traumatic brain injury characterized by loss of consciousness. Katie's husband states that the condition occurred eighteen hours ago and after checking with the emergency department Katie was referred to a neurosurgical trauma unit to receive ongoing assessment and rehabilitation. After assessing Katie, it is evident that she has sore ankles. The problem is underpinned by the continuous vigorous exercises and contact associated with basketball. Collecting Cues and Information The data collection process was done with the help of medical equipment and by word of mouth. The oral data collected includes a severe headache, loss of consciousness, and complains of sore ankles (Levett-Jnes and Hoffman, 2013). The conceptualization of data using medical equipment includes report handed over by the former nurse indicating the following results: HR-89, BP, 142/78 mm/Hg, SpO2-96%, RR-13, and a Glasgow Coma Score of 13. Further, her husband played a significant role in helping the nurses in charge to get the past medical history of Katie. Additionally, during the data collection phase, the nurses included a Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test abbreviated as the PASAT to gauge the level of severity of Katie (Godbolt et al., 2014). The model entailed a four-hour experimental protocol completed twice by Katie. During the phase, Katie interacted with several neuropsychological testing and emotional status testing. To that end, it is possible for the clinician in charge t o manipulate the provided information and implement the best medical interventions for Katie. Processing Information The section of the paper pays attention to the collected information and provides a justification. The assessment indicated that Katie had a high HR but operating within normal range of 65-100 mm/Hg. Moreover, Katie's blood pressure is higher than the estimated normal range of 120 mm/Hg. The RR is greater than the normal range. Further, the SpO2 indicated 96% without additional oxygen. As such, it is evident that the high RR and the HR are due to a severe headache and emotional disturbances (Zetterberg et al., 2013). Again, the clinical features of struggling to remember information but recalls with some degree of prompt indicate post-injury symptoms of concussion syndrome (Skolnick et al., 2014). Notably, the reduction in the central blood volume led to increase in the HR. Besides, the examination revealed that the increased HR and RR alludes to the reduced metabolic activities such as impaired breathing (Hungerford et al., 2015). With that in mind, it is considered wise to allow Ka tie access a simple face mask to supplement the low levels of SpO2 at a rate of 100/min. The PASAT test indicated that Katie was slower in responding to questions as well as slow in regaining; could process presented information slowly. Identifying the Problem The section provides a justification for the recorded information regarding loss of consciousness and sore ankles. The nurses noted that cognitive ability of Katie interfered with hence impaired communication skills, low memory, low processing and understanding of information, and impaired impulses. Attention and concentration issues: Katie presented with problems of handling long hours conversations, and she was kind of restless. As such, the clinical interventions for the problem include but are not limited to ensuring Katie communicates in a room with reduced distractions. Also, it is advisable to begin exercising Katie on attention skills such as reading short stories. Problems with processing and understanding information: Katie took a longer time to respond to nurses' questions and when explaining herself. Therefore, it will be important for Katie's husband to intervene and answer some questions on her behalf (Levett-Jones and Hoffman, 2013). Issues regarding cognitive results and rehabilitation for Katie calls for the implementation of two evidence-based interventions; remediation with an aim to advance impaired skills and compensation model to allow Katie learn new techniques for synthesizing and communicating (Tan et al., 2015). Subsequently, the sore ankles are a result of vigorous exercises of the sport and contact situation and less recovery time. However, it can be deduced that the sore and swollen ankles are due to poor blood circulation as a result of a blood clot on brain tissues (Johnson et al., 2013). What is more is the medical prescription for Katie; which is aimed at reducing the severe headache and the sore ankles. The medication to reduce the brain injury include: "diuretics": given to Katie to reduce the amount of fluid in the brain tissues. "Anti-seizure drugs"-will only be administered if Katie presents with a seizure. "coma-inducing drugs"-the nurses will induce the drug to allow the comatose brain cells to use less oxygen. Subsequently, when the condition persisted, the nurses referred Katie to a neurosurgical trauma unit for surgery. The surgery is aimed towards removing hematomas, repairing the fractured skull, and at times to open a new window in the skull to drain accumulated cerebral spinal fluid (Karr et al., 2014). Further, after the surgery, Katie will be introduced to a rehabilitation program made up of the following specialist: a psychiatrist-health professional who manages rehabilitation problems and offers a medical prescription. The occupational therapist wi ll facilitate learning and advance performance of daily activities. Physical therapist- a specialist who helps Katie with mobility and gain balance after surgery (LeMone et al., 2014). Speech and language pathologist helps Katie improve communication skills. Traumatic brain injury nurse specialist-expert who helps in coordinating care and educates family members about injury and recovery (Wintermark et al., 2015). Detail the Assessment In the Levett-Jones (2013) clinical reasoning cycle evaluation of outcomes is considered a vital section that determines the cost effectiveness medical prescriptions and the impact of formulated interventions in combating the situation. Furthermore, another section of interest is a reflection on the process and new learning. Reflection on the process is a period in the clinical cycle reasoning that allows the health professionals time to internalize on what s/he has been doing throughout the assessment (Levett-Jones and Hoffman, 2013). The process is important as it allows the health professional to make the best of choices regarding intervention implementation (McKenna and Mirkov, 2014). Again, the phase serves as a learning period: where new medical interventions are sought and assessed for their effectiveness before implementation (Xiong et al., 2013). In line with the case study, it is evident that from reviewing the different literature on managing traumatic brain injury the nur se in charge was able to come up with new techniques of engaging the patient. Also, the reflection phase allowed the nurse to learn from his/her mistakes. Another key thing to remember is that the reflection and new learning section renders the clinical reasoning cycle vital as it offers a platform for learning ways to solicit information from the patient without violating one's cultural beliefs and emotional status (Roozenbak et al., 2013). Therefore, it can be concluded that the section is a platform for promoting recovery and well-being of patients presenting with lived experiences of traumatic brain injury. Conclusion That said, it is possible to discern that inclusion of Levett-Jones clinical reasoning cycle allows medical professionals time to assess, monitor, and treat patients to their satisfaction. For instance, the procedural processes outlined in the discussion ranging from considering the patient's condition to detailing the assessment allows nurse and patients to engage with an aim to treat the disorder. Also, having family members involved in a treating plan ensures the sustainability of the program. That is having Katie's husband around the clinical setting facilitated formulation of best intervention regarding provided past medical history. Further, the section n detailing the assessment has proved to be of significant value as it allows reflection and new learning. The nurses in charge are allowed to refer to their clinical practices and internalize; a process that allows coming up with the best alternatives t treat traumatic brain injury. Also, the phase allows a physician to learn n ew techniques of treating and engaging with patients through sharing of information with fellow nurses or patients. Reference Barr, J., Fraser, G. L., Puntillo, K., Ely, E. W., Glinas, C., Dasta, J. F., ... Coursin, D. B. (2013). Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Critical care medicine, 41(1), 263-306. Crisp, j., Taylor, C., Douglas, C., Rebeiro, G. (2013). Fundamentals of Nursing (4th ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Libby Houston. Feigin, V. L., Theadom, A., Barker-Collo, S., Starkey, N. J., McPherson, K., Kahan, M., ... Jones, K. (2013). Incidence of traumatic brain injury in New Zealand: a population-based study. The Lancet Neurology, 12(1), 53-64. Godbolt, A. K., Cancelliere, C., Hincapi, C. A., Marras, C., Boyle, E., Kristman, V. L., ... Cassidy, J. D. (2014). Systematic review of the risk of dementia and chronic cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 95(3), S245-S256. Hungerford, C., Hodgson, D., Clancy, R., Monisse-Redman, M., Bostwick, R., Jones, T. (2015). Mental health care: an introduction for health professionals in Australia (2nd ed.). Queensland, Australia: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W., Smith, D. H. (2013). Axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Experimental neurology, 246, 35-43. Karr, J. E., Areshenkoff, C. N., Garcia-Barrera, M. A. (2014). The neuropsychological outcomes of concussion: A systematic review of meta-analyses on the cognitive sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychology, 28(3), 321. LeMone, P., Burke, K., Levett-Jones, T., Dwyer, T., Moxham, L., Reid-Searl, K., ...Raymond, D. (2014). Medical-surgical nursing: critical think inperson-centred care.Vol. 1. Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson Education. Levett-Jones, T. Hoffman, K. (2013). Clinical reasoning: What it is and why it matters. In: T. Levett-Jones (Ed.). Clinical Reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse. Frenchs Forest: Pearson. McKenna, L., Mirkov, S. (2014). McKenna's drug handbook for nursing and Midwifery (7th ed.). Sydney, Australia: Penny Martin. Roozenbeek, B., Maas, A. I., Menon, D. K. (2013). Changing patterns in the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury. Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(4), 231-236. Skolnick, B. E., Maas, A. I., Narayan, R. K., van der Hoop, R. G., MacAllister, T., Ward, J. D., ... Stocchetti, N. (2014). A clinical trial of progesterone for severe traumatic brain injury. New England Journal of Medicine, 371(26), 2467-2476. Tan, M., Law, L. S. C., Gan, T. J. (2015). Optimizing pain management to facilitate enhanced recovery after surgery pathways. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal Canadien D'anesthsie, 62(2), 203-218. doi:10.1007/s12630-014-0275-x Wintermark, M., Sanelli, P. C., Anzai, Y., Tsiouris, A. J., Whitlow, C. T., Institute, A. H. I. (2015). Imaging evidence and recommendations for traumatic brain injury: conventional neuroimaging techniques. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 12(2), e1-e14. Xiong, Y., Mahmood, A., Chopp, M. (2013). Animal models of traumatic brain injury. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 14(2), 128-142. Zetterberg, H., Smith, D. H., Blennow, K. (2013). Biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injury in cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(4), 201-210.

Anthem for Doomed Youth free essay sample

Doomed Youth by Wilfred Owen is a poem which I read recently, in which the author conveys horror’s of death in World War 1. The author‘s use of technique’s is quite effective. His use of the sonnet form, word choice, juxtaposition, irony and figurative language creates a strong image of the tragedy lack of respect for the young soldier’s dying at war. Anthem For Doomed Youth is one of best known World War poem’s because of the way in the Octet, Wilfred translates the horror and tragedy of the war and the struggling fight for funeral rites for the young dead soldiers. The title is one of the effective technique’s that the author use’s. It’s the way the tile conveys a strong contrast in the imagination of the reader. â€Å"Anthem For Doomed Youth. † The connotations of the word â€Å"Anthem† creates a very positive theme for the poem. We will write a custom essay sample on Anthem for Doomed Youth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We, In our minds, would probably link the word Anthem to praise, time of celebration or in a church with the national anthem which ties in with the War. Owen contrast’s â€Å"Anthem† with â€Å"Doomed Youth† to show the bitterness and horrific time of the war and the death of the young soldiers. The juxtaposition of the poems title is the contrast between the â€Å"Doomed† and â€Å"Youth†. This is an extreme contrast as â€Å"Youth† we consider as a life not yet lived and celebrating the future not yet been discovered, yet the celebrating â€Å"Youth† are â€Å"Doomed†. â€Å"Doomed† suggests no hope and the likely hood of the soldier’s not returning. The way the author uses the contrast to give the reader a taste of the bitter irony theme to the poem, Another contrast straight away in the poem is the form of the poem which gives’s strong contrast with the theme. Owen starts to write in the sonnet form which is usually used to write a poem of phrase or love. There is not only a contrast between the form and the content of the poem but he also contrasts the form and the title. The form and the title is quite ironic because Owen writes about the death and loss of the war in a form of which is used for admiration of the soldiers are war. By using this technique’s Owen conveys a sense of pity on those who are in favour of the â€Å"Supposedly Glorious War. † The start of the poem is the octet which opens with a rhetorical question. What passing bells for those who die as cattle? † The theme of death is brought into the poem with the words â€Å"Passing Bells† which refers to a bell tolled after someones death to announce the death to the world. There is a further simile with the words â€Å"who die as cattle† finishes the question and make’s you link the dying soldier’s of the World War to animal’s in a field. The simile consist a image of the cattle being led away in a herd to be brought to there death and that links with the soldier’s being led to war in large number’s to probably to suffer from a horrendous death. Sound imagery is introduced through the use of the words â€Å"Passing bells†, this continues through-out the octet. Owen answers the question by replacing sounds of church bell’s for funeral of the young soldier’s with the sound of guns and war . â€Å"Only the monstrous anger of the guns Only the stuttering rifles rapid rattle Can patter out their hasty orisons. † Owen uses personification to create the sound of the guns over throws the sound of the funeral church bells. The effective word choice helps to convey the idea of the guns over powering the church bells. Like the use of cattle, the author, creates a effect which emphasises the horror of the World War 1. By personifying anger with guns shows that there was true violence in the war and the soldier’s died still with the threat present towards the other soldier’s. Owen use’s onomatopoeia to describes the anger of the men firing the guns. He also uses alliteration with â€Å"Stuttering rifles rapid rattle† which shows the sound of a gun. The soldier’s have no orisons, which means prayers, here funeral prayers, all they have in the final minutes is the epeated sound of screaming and gunfire. â€Å"No mockeries how for them; no prayers nor bells nor any voice of the mourning save the choirs the shrill demented choirs or walling shells and the budges calling for them from sad shives† A metaphor : the prayer bells and choirs of the church have became â€Å"chill demented† and â€Å"wailing† is another juxtaposition used by the author. We have god’s worlds and the devils both as one juxtaposed to highlight the hellish natures of the young soldiers death â€Å"What candles may be held to speed all? Not in the hands of boys but in their eyes Shall shine the holy glimmers of goodbyes† The sestet begins in the same way as the octet with a rhetorical question. It starts off by saying about the candles which will not be held in a church ceremony by the choir but will have light in there eyes of the dying soldiers. He says ‘glimmers’ referring to the ‘candles’ suggests a temporary light. The flame of the candle is like the lives of the soldiers, easily took away or regularly snuffed out. In the final 3 lines of the poem, the funeral imagery continues: the pallor of the girls’ brows shall be the pall Their flowers the tenderness of patient minds And each slow dusk, a drawing down of blinds† Here Owen suggests that in a funeral the white coffin cloth will be represented by the shocked white faces of the woman left at home. The metaphor continues by saying the tenderness of woman will be their funeral flowers. The word flower is particularly effective not just about the funeral but about the beauty, fragility and sadness which reminds us of the effective title at the start. In the last line Owen resembles the light being extinguished which relates to the soldiers coming to a end and slipping away. Owen emphases all the regular deaths by using ‘each’ in the last line which suggests it has been going on every day. In conclusion, in the poem Owen conveys the horror of the war extremely well. Through out he uses juxtaposition, figurative language, sonnet form and effective word choice. He has painted a image which is moving yet horrible.

Bugs vs. Cottontail essays

Bugs vs. Cottontail essays After watching the short film of Bugs Bunny acting as Super Rabbit with his buddy Cottontail Smith I was a little confused about what I was to write for this response. I reflected upon the major events that were going on in our society at the time that this cartoon was made in 1943, and of course World War 2 comes to mind. The war was between America and Europe, with America coming out on top. If this clip has something to do with the tumultuous war then either Bugs Bunny or his enemy Cottontail Smith would have to represent one of the two countries. For this reason I am flustered because the character playing Cottontail Smith in the film was obvious to be our American hero John Wayne, also known as The Duke. Bugs Bunny on the other hand, also seems to be another one of our heroes, meaning that he is always the good guy and most of the time comes out on top. I had a hard time distinguishing whether it was Bugs Bunny or Cottontail Smith representing our nation. In the cartoon during Bugs and Cottontails war, Bugs had his carrots that magically turned him into a Super Rabbit with the cape and all, while Cottontail was much bigger than he, and also had some ammunition. Cottontail hated rabbits and was out to get Bugs Bunny so he simply pulled out his cannon and bombed him. Bugs being Super Rabbit, simply caught the bomb coming at him without a sweat and acted as if it were a basketball, in a way possibly mocking Mr. Cottontail Smith. He seemed to be enjoying himself and having just a great time, that is until his carrots slipped out of his bunny hands as he was supposedly saving the day flying through the sky, and he fell to the ground. As he looked up from the ground and saw all of his carrots that had been eaten to pieces by Mr. Cottontail Smith, who by the way was now wearing the cape and seemed to have won the war. Earlier in this response I mentioned that I was confused and this is e ...

Over consumption has different effects on earth Essay

Over consumption has different effects on earth - Essay Example Another effect of overconsumption on earth is displacement and migration of living things from their normal places of living. Overconsumption leads to climate changes that make it necessary for living things to move from these places in search of more comfortable places. Human beings are the most affected with poor populations and those with low incomes being the most exposed. Consequently, the rate of economic development among these people is greatly reduced (Cohen-Kiener 2009, p122). Overconsumption has negative effects on factory workers as they try to meet the high demand for goods. Manufacturing companies have to meet the required quality and quantity of goods they produce otherwise they will be outcompeted by their rivals. This pressure is passed on to workers who are forced to work for long hours and in some situations under dangerous environments. Accidents in factories have also increased due to increased complexities in production processes thus posing another risk to factory workers. This has led to increased friction between employers and employees as employees seek safer working environments (Cohen-Kiener 2009,

Multiagent Systems research based Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Multiagent Systems research based - Essay Example The multi agent system looks at improving the production performance, increasing the schedule reliability and efficiency and keeping updated schedules. Software agent technology, which started in the early 1980s as a sub-field of artificial intelligence and has been a very dynamic field of research for about more than two decades, focuses its research mainly on aspects of multi-agent planning and distributed problem solving. Even though the agent technology research field is still heterogeneous it has set up itself as a major stream of computer science and artificial intelligence in particular. Multi-agent system is quite imperative for a ceramic tile company like Eco Tile factory, because it needs dynamic production processes to offer online programming to the customers and it would be able to manage real time response about their services and delivery times of required products through the process where design and other activities are done ahead of the production process. Like most other production units, production programming was one of the main problems of this company. The multi-agent system in Eco Tile turns to be a better structure for dealing with design and development of an application which should be flexible and adaptable to the environment. Multi agent technique seems to be appropriate for solving complicated problems that require intelligence. Here, Multi agent system provides a natural way to solve problems that are inherently distributed within the factory. Recently, multi agent system shows its trend towards the overt design and organization use where heterogeneous agents work together within distinct roles to attain individual and general goals. When emphasizing on team goals, organizations allow agents to work together with the help of individual agents to function properly and to perform the jobs that they are best appropriated for. When focusing on individual agent’s goal, organizations allow agents to perform

Different Concepts Of Crime. Classification Of Crime Essay

Different Concepts Of Crime. Classification Of Crime - Essay Example This implies that no harm was caused, and no damage was created to a person, the society or the state. Oxford dictionaries define crime as an act or omission that constitutes and offence which is punishable by law. A crime is a wrong committed against an individual, society and the state as defined in law and carries a punishment of fines, incarceration and, in some instances death. The numerous definitions of crime by different people and different entities, states, and scholars make the concept of crime to be among the hardest things questions. There are endless types of conduct that are prohibited and which may somehow be the subject of formal punishment. The kind of punishment may also change among diverse types of crimes, which creates room for disagreement over whether certain behavior should be prohibited by the criminal rule, and so punished at all. Equally, there may be conduct that people deem think should be criminal but which left untouched by the criminal law. Further, t he status of crime and criminology is undoubtedly informed by the methods and insights of social sciences, and these insights continue to have a fragile position within the legal scholarship. A close relationship between legal constructions of crime (criminal law) and social constructions of crime and criminality (criminology and criminal justice) arise (Lacey, nd). Certain kinds of conduct are acknowledged as crimes by the criminal law and the wider body of ordinary people. Examples of such acts are such as murder, stealing, damaging property and raping. These acts may be described as injurious to the victim as the injury may have been caused directly or indirectly. Moving a note higher, the concept of crime extends not only to causing injury and harm to incorporate only the perceived potential for harm. For instance, speeding may not look like real crime, but speeding may result in injury and death. The prospective danger of the person speeding is greater than that of the trivial pickpocket, but few people doubt that a pickpocket is a criminal, unless there are persuasive avoiding factors (Abadinsky, 2010). Classification of crime There are several types of crimes committed by individuals, some of which are taken as serious and some like trespass is considered less serious. Though all acts of crime are considered as the contravention of law, there are different punishments that may be enforced on a criminal. Classification of crime may be based on diverse standards like the extent of punishment, by type, by common law, and mode of trial. States might vary as to the categorization of any particular misdeed. Offense perpetrated in a certain region may be categorized differently than where the same crime was committed in another place. This study will explore classification of crime depending on the types of crimes. These are the organized crime, white collar crime, crimes of theft, property crimes, corporate crimes, as well as other property crimes. Generally, crimes may be classified in two main categories; felony and misdemeanor, depending on the severity of a crime. Felony is taken as grave crimes, which carry a punishment of more than one year in prison such as murder, arson and kidnapping. Misdemeanor misdeed is less severe and carries a punishment of less than one year in prison (Abadinsky, 2010). These are such as trespassing, prostitution and public intoxication. White collar crimes Sutherland of the American sociological society (2010) defines white collar crime as crime perpetrated by an individual of decorum and high societal standing in the

Goods and Services Tax Analysis

Goods and Services Tax Analysis INTRODUCTION 1.1Research Background In recent months there are a lot of issues about many retailers especially the traditional retailer want to quit from their business. Their main reason is the launch of the Goods and Services Tax (GST). They are not really aware about GST that be announced in the Malaysia Budget 2014. The aware that we mean here are understanding of the GST. Most of the retailer alert that there will be GST launched in 1 April 2015. The involve supplies chain people like manufacture, wholesaler, and retailer were giving a lead time of 14 months to get ready. There are a lot of GST seminars are held in the 14 month. But it not really effective due to the level of education, from mouth to mouth it causes the information incomplete or become wrong information. GST was first announced in the 2005 Budget for implementation in 2007. However, in February 2006 the Malaysian Government announced that GST would be deferred as more time was needed to get feedback from the public. GST was tabled for first reading in 2009 for proposed implementation in 2011. The bill was supposed to be presented for second reading in 2010 but was withdrawn. However too many retailer did not aware of GST because they did not know how to use the system. The retailer get an order to register GST from Custom Malaysia but they not know the procedure to proceed the GST. The guide from the website did not help the retailer who does not know to use the technology. The retailer also cannot decide the value of income per year exceed RM500, 000 required to register or not because tax will be pay from the consumer. GST is a multi-stage consumption tax on goods and services whereby each point of supply in a production chain is potentially taxable up to the retail stage of distribution. At the same time suppliers are entitled to refunds of GST incurred on business inputs. The basic fundamental of GST Malaysia is its self-policing features which allow the retailer to claim their Input tax credit by way of automatic deduction in their accounting system. Still the VAT arrangement at the Centre and the State had lacks. The CENVAT does not consist of several central taxes such as extra charge, additional excise duty, etc. It also does not capture the value-additions in the distributive occupation below the manufacturing level. The State level VAT does not include some taxes such as luxury tax, entertainment tax, etc. Goods and Services Tax (GST) to replace the existing multiple tax structures of Centre and State taxes is not only desirable but imperative in the emerging economic environment. Increasingly, services are used or consumed in production and distribution of goods and vice versa. This involves taxation of goods and services in an integrated manner as the blurring of line of demarcation between goods and services has made separate taxation of goods and services untenable. Malaysia imposed the GST on April 1 and it is mandatory for businesses that have a turnover of more than RM500, 000 to register with the government. The government expects to collect RM23.2 billion a year from GST. Malaysia has the lowest GST rate in Southeast Asia at 6 per cent while the Philippines has the highest at 12 per cent. 1.2Problem Statement Implementation of GST in a country can be broadly considered from three major perspectives: 1. Government on the setting of GST policies and rulings as well as studies on associated impact on economy, political and other tax systems 2. Customs and Excise on the setting of specific guidelines for different type of businesses, setting of an appropriate Information Systems solutions to handle GST claims and reporting and setting of the appropriate documentations and forms. 3. Businesses on what businesses need to do to make sure that their business is GST compliant. This research paper focuses on GST implementation from business perspective, with particular reference to retailers, with specific aim to examine their awareness as to what need to be done in order to be GST compliant. Awareness contributes not only towards readiness but also potential support for the new tax system. Businesses are unlikely to accept or support a change in the tax system without being made aware of the implications it has on their businesses. According to Bhupinder Singh, the executive director of Ernst Young (Utusan Malaysia, 2005), low awareness of GST implementation especially among the retailers could create mess when it is first introduced. After the implement the Malaysian hard to accept new system of tax been introduced. Under GST regime, businesses bear no additional tax as long as they are registered for GST. Any tax paid on purchases may be claimed back against tax collected on sales. However, the process of collecting and recording tax, documenting it, offsetting it and keeping all records in order to comply with GST requirements for GST registered businesses could be a tedious and expensive process for small and medium sized businesses. GST implementation in April 2015 will not only give the direct effect on the cash flow of the retailer and businesses, it also needs every company to change their practice in the accounting system and business processes. Businesses must be prepared to have good accounting records and trained personnel and proper software to ensure success. From estimates there are at least 500,000 retailers in Malaysia that contribute significantly to Malaysian economy (MYOB, 2005). At present, not much is known about the impact GST will have on this sector. We feel that it is important that level of awareness is ascertained to gauge the impact GST may have on the retailers as the implementation time comes closer. 1.3Research Objectives This study will be focused on the factors that influencing the level of awareness of GST’s implementation impact among retailers: i.To study the relationship between knowledge and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. ii.To study the relationship between resources and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. iii.To study the relationship between attitudes and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. iv.To study the relationship between channels and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. 1.4Research Questions The research question will be developed for this study are: i.Is there a relationship between knowledge and the level of awareness of GST among retailers? ii.Is there a relationship between resources and the level of awareness of GST among retailers? iii.Is there a relationship between attitudes and the level of awareness of GST among retailers? iv.Is there a relationship between channels and the level of awareness of GST among retailers? 1.5Research Hypothesis Four hypotheses have been developed for this study based on dependent and independent variables as given below: Hypothesis 1 Ho:There is no significant relationship between knowledge and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. H1:There is a significant relationship between knowledge and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. Hypothesis 2 Ho:There is no significant relationship between resources and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. H1:There is a significant relationship between resources and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. Hypothesis 3 Ho:There is no significant relationship between attitudes and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. H1:There is a significant relationship between attitudes and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. Hypothesis 4 Ho:There is no significant relationship between channels and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. H1:There is a significant relationship between channels and the level of awareness of GST among retailers. 1.6Significance of the Study Since the study is about Good and Services Tax (GST) that will implement in April 2015. The retailers have heard about Good and Services Tax (GST) but the retailers not know, â€Å"How’s the procedure?† â€Å"What functions it is?† â€Å"These kinds of questions always faced by people especially who lived at rural area. Therefore, with this research it can help the retailer know what the advantages and disadvantage for Good and Services Tax. This research also can provide the clear view and direction to them when they want to doing in future to attract their customers. It also determine the effective of the government to implement GST in case to improve the economic and development of country. The significant of the study focus on many category which are for the researchers and the retailer: Researchers For doing this research, the researchers can get more sustain in the term of knowledge and skills. This study also helps the future researcher use as a guideline or reference to get information by understanding and duplicating the research to further study in identifying other critical factors. The Retailers Retailers who ran the business entity around Kota Bharu had gained the most benefits from this study. Based on the result of this study, the retailers were able to understand in details about effectiveness of Good and Services Tax and also how the retailer aware about this issues. Besides that the retailers able to make accurate decision about which type of product that will bear a tax and exclude tax. At the end of this research, the retailers can optimize their sales with the guide been provided by the government. The government also provide a course for the retailer to understand the basic of calculation taxed been charged. 2.0GST Implementation in Other Country Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a consumption tax established on the value-added concept. GST, also recognized as the value added tax (VAT) in several countries, is a multi-stage consumption tax on goods and services (http://gst.customs.gov.my, 2013). GST is imposed on goods and services at every manufacture and supply stages in the supply chain as well as importation of goods and services (http://www.treasury.gov.my, 2013). In Malaysia, GST will replace the present consumption tax comprising the sales tax and the service tax (SST). Implementation wise, GST shall be prosecuted and charged on the taxable supply of goods and services made in the course or furtherance of business in Malaysia by a taxable person and it is also can be charged based on the importation of goods and services (http://gst.customs.gov.my, 2013). GST is proven to be a better tax system and could spur economic growth as well as increase competitiveness in global market (http://www.treasury.gov.my, 2013). The proposed GST structure in India is similar to that of Canada. Some of the problems that they faced during implementation of GST are discussed here. GST is the form of indirect tax because the tax collection from the government is not directly obtained from the taxpayers. The consumers pay the taxes for the government through the sellers.Besides, experience of Australia has also been covered. Malaysian taxation system is generally divided into two direct taxes and indirect taxes. Four components i.e. customs duties, excise duty, sales tax and service tax are consists by Indirect taxes are administered by the Royal Malaysian Custom Department (RMCD). Direct taxes such as income tax, petroleum income tax, real property gains tax, and stamp duty. Taxation is a vital economic tool because it can be employed to regulate the economy, to revitalize economic growth through the granting of fiscal incentives as a principal aim of implementing tax policies and to provide funds for developmen t projects (JeyapalanKasipillai, 2005). Each of the countries has economic purposes due to the implementation of GST. For example, in New Zealand the usage of GST is unlikely being a useful stabilization tool for monetary policy (Iris Claus, B. S., 2008). The empirical study shows that using GST as a monetary policy tool in New Zealand case has shown that it leads to a larger adjustment in the policy instruments and fluctuations in the real economy and inflation. 2.1Resources 2.1.1Cost Start-up Start-up Compliance Costs Estimates the issue of how much businesses spent in preparing for a GST is problematical as various studies have made varying cost estimates. In estimating start-up compliance costs, uniformity in calculations is important to attain comparative reliability. According Pope (2000) the reliability of GST start-up cost estimates presented by different groups may be questionable because of their treatment of the joint cost problem and also a failure to differentiate between start-up and recurrent costs. Unfortunately, there are no reliable studies internationally on GST start-up compliance costs, although the literature has long recognized start-up costs and learning curve costs from a theoretical viewpoint (for a useful review see Pope 2000c). However, the methodology for estimating taxation recurrent compliance costs affords some useful insights; see, for example, Sandford et al (1989) Pope (2000a) Tran-Nam et al (2000). This literature confirms that overhead costs, such as office accommodation, lighting, heating, computer equipment, are difficult to allocate where they are jointly used in normal business activities and tax compliance work. This principle extends to GST compliance costs where a computer and its associated software is used, say, half for GST compliance work and half for management purposes. If the purchase or upgrade was made because of the GST, it could be argued that this purchase would not otherwise have been made, particularly in the case of small business. Related to the joint cost issue is the depreciation of computer hardware and software used for GST compliance. Strictly speaking, in principle, the compliance costs of a new computer system to operate a new tax should be spread over a period rather than be considered a cost solely at the time incurred (Sandford et al 1989). Unfortunately, this principle is difficult to adopt in practice. 2.2Attitudes First research from Shiva Raman S (June 2010) with title Migration to GST: Preparedness and level of Knowledge, Understanding, Application and Skills of Human Resources in the Government and the Industry which questionnaires were used to collect data from middle level tax officials, tax department staff, trade and industry, professionals and general public. Opinionnaires are used to amount the attitude and the acceptance of the respondents. It generally employs the skills by which the degree of the agreement to a matter can be traced. In this article, the attitude was found that given negative attitude of staff towards training. Attitude is a major concern cited by all most all the officials. Supporting the employees to achieve the objectives of GST is one of the most challenging tasks during the transition. Officials are more concerned about the attitude of grass root level staffs that are unknowing and unwilling towards training programs. Implementing Goods and Services Tax in Malaysia is the research from Lim Kim-Hwa (2013). It is impossible to make GST a liberal tax as long as we want to raise the same amount of revenue. GST is a returning tax. The implementation of an ill-thought out welfare system is likely to lead to inflation, abuse, wastage and possibly accentuate a dependency culture. Although cash handouts can be a quick fix and might be a politically perception move, this might not be conducive in driving economic growth led by innovation, knowledge and entrepreneurship. Although these measures are aimed at changing the profit-centred attitude and corrupt practices of the businesses, sustained implementation of these in an era of high inflation will result in the withdrawal of labor and capital from the production of these goods. This is because unprofitable businesses are unsustainable in the long run, and capital and labor might be rearranged to the production of other profitable goods which are not subjec t to price controls. Third research from Adesina Olugoke Oladipupo and Famous Prince Izedonmi (2013) with title Public Perception and Attitude towards Value Added Tax (VAT) in Nigeria. The analysis of results showed that most of the respondents have poor knowledge of VAT law in Nigeria, regardless of their level of literacy, and that there was no significant difference in the amount of knowledge of VAT law among the three groups of respondents used for the study. Obtainable of the total of 2700 taxpayers engaged in the study only 1467 taxpayers responded. Public attitude towards tax matters has often been negative. Taxation was to a large level considered as an instrument of domination manipulated by the ruling class over the subjects. 2.3Knowledge The knowledge base will involve, at its core, a repository of GST issues identified by agencies and the suggested resolution applicable to those issues. †¢ Reduction in the need for agencies to re-learn lessons already addressed by other agencies, providing efficiencies in compliance activities; †¢ A build-up of GST knowledge within the government sector to assist with compliance as well as ongoing management of the GST; †¢ increase the likelihood that GST compliance issues are addressed with consistency across agencies; The knowledge as a source of jobs and income, they have gained an important position in the economic development agenda. Hereby, clusterization policies have been conceived as a framework to induce the growth and to optimize resources used to support them. Creating clusters could help to overcome RD, production, and marketing obstacles, and allow them to compete with large companies in distant foreign markets. It increase the likelihood that agencies will consider the significant issues facing their business. Otherwise knowledge may suffer in business decisions and as whole the economy of the country in turn. The direct taxes are influencing income earners but indirect taxes are influencing every common citizen of the country and have great social impact. Cost accountants as experts in the Indirect taxes can take lead and disseminate the knowledge of taxation across the country. Understanding the forthcoming GST tax regime and Direct Tax Code; Cost accountants have very vital role to play which will facilitate the better tax administration. 3.1 Introduction This chapter will address the overall procedures and how the survey will be conducted. This chapter consists of research design, research framework, research hypothesis, research methods, subject and sample, research instrument, data analysis, and conclusion for this chapter. 3.2 Research Framework The figure 3.1 shows the level of knowledge of GST among retailer research framework in this study. The framework summarized the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. There are four independent variables which is knowledge, attitudes, resources, and channel has been used. The dependent variable is the awareness of GST among retailer in Kota Bharu Kelantan. 3.3Research Design

Canterbury Tales Essay: Immorality and the Friar -- Canterbury Tales E

Immorality and the Friar in The Canterbury Tales  Ã‚   It is a sad commentary on the clergy that, in the Middle Ages, this class that was responsible for morality was often the class most marked by corruption. Few works of the times satirically highlight this phenomenon as well as The Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer. Chaucer’s "General Prologue" introduces us to a cast of clergy, or "Second Estate" folk, who range in nature from pious to corrupt. The Friar seems to be an excellent example of the corrupt nature of many low-level clergymen of the times- while his activities were not heretical or heinous, his behavior is certainly not in accord with the selfless moral teachings he is supposed to espouse. According to the Narrator’s account, he is a snob, corrupted by greed, and acts in very un-Christian ways. It is clear that he is a man of low moral standards. When we are first introduced to the Friar, we are told that he possesses a level of social grace far above his station in life. We are told that in the four begging orders, there is no one as knowledgeable in fair language and sociability as he (lines 210-211, Norton), and that he is a very ceremonious fellow (line 209). This seems out of step with a man who is supposed to make a living by begging, a man who is supposed to go through life without a roof over his head. This level of breeding and affinity for ceremony has likely come from an aristocratic birth- often, the younger sons and daughters of nobles who could not be provided for simply entered the clergy. This contributed to a large body of clergy members who came to the church not because they felt a divine calling, but simply because that is what was expected of them (his fellow pilgrim, the Prioress, als... ...th money from those who can barely afford bread. This Friar’s morals are much closer to vice than virtue; any doubts that he is a man of low morals are now completely swept away. Chaucer’s "General Prologue" is remarkable in that it allows us to see not only what characters may claim to represent, but also how they really are inside. Chaucer’s depiction of the Friar, who should be a man of upstanding piety and virtue, makes it readily apparent that he is quite the opposite. The Friar’s elitist background and behavior, his begging-supported greed, and the vices that oppose true Christianity prove that he is a man of low moral standards. Certainly, Chaucer paints a masterful contrast of image vs. reality. Bibliography The Norton Anthology of English Literature: Sixth Edition, Volume 1. M.H. Abrams, et al, Editor. W.W. Norton and Company. New York: 1993.

Importance of Line or Staff Departments and Methods of Effecting Change Essay

Which type of department (line or staff) is most important to an organization? Why? Could an organization function without either of them? Why or why not? In every organization, authority is divided in order to make sure the firm is successful. This division ensures that no one department is responsible for everything. As an organization grows, there must be two departments that are given the authority to make decisions to benefit the firm. These are the Line department and the Staff department. While both have management authority, there are certain differences. Line departments â€Å"headed by a line manager, are the departments established to meet the objectives of the business and directly influence the success (profitability) of a business.† (Plunkett, Alan, Attner, 2013, Ch 7) These managers are on the frontline, responsible for producing goods, marketing and distribution. â€Å"Line managers who head such departments exercise line authority† (Plunkett, Alan, Attner, 2013, Ch 7) Staff departments â€Å"headed by a staff manager, provide assistance to the line departments and to each other.† (Plunkett, Alan, Attner, 2013, Ch 7) These managers are there for support, giving advice, service and assistance. Examples of staff departments may include: the I.T. department, legal or Human recourses. While not directly contributing to the firm’s objectives, they are there to lend a helping hand. In my experience, it is the line department that is most important to the success and profitability of the company. While it may be agued that without the staff department one couldn’t market and sell the goods and services produced by the line department. But it is ultimately it is the line department that generates the revenue to sustain the company and there fore is most important. Granted that one cannot function without the other, and it is that synergy that ensures longevity and further success of the organization. Discuss three (3) different methods of effecting change. Why are most organizations and individuals resistant to change? What can managers do to facilitate change? Use practical examples from your experience or knowledge,  and describe your experience in implementing change. Effecting change in one’s environment can be a daunting task. Many individuals are reluctant to change and react differently when it occurs. â€Å"Most will accept the need to learn new skills and update their knowledge, but most resent efforts to change their attitudes† (Plunkett, Alan, Attner, 2013, Ch 8) To solve this problem Kurt Lewin developed a three-step approach that consists of three phases, unfreezing, change, and refreezing. In the first step unfreezing, mangers must identify and discover the source or cause of the deficient behavior. â€Å"They confront the individual with the behavior and the problem it causes; they then begin to convince the him or her to change by suggesting methods and offering incentives.† (Plunkett, Alan, Attner, 2013, Ch 8) This step is the foundation to helping the insubordinate employee open up an discuss why this deficient behavior is occurring. Often time this causes the employee to become emotional and upset. The second step change, the employee discomfort increases. This will cause the employee to question their reasons for their conduct, it is then that the manager has the chance to provide a role model to foster the preferred behavior. â€Å"As the individual adopts that behavior, performance will improve; but the manager must support and reinforce that behavior if it is to last.† (Plunkett, Alan, Attner, 2013, Ch 8) In the third step refreezing, new desired behaviors should be rewarded. Frequent praise at first is important for the continuation of preferred behaviors. Also, if any incentive was promised, then it must be honored. Failure to do so will cause a reversion to old deficient behavior and the manager would have to start again. In my experience, cold calling is a requirement to draw up business. Earlier last year, sales were down. An increase in production was needed to boost our P&L, so management enforced mandatory call nights. Each employee was given a list of clients to set appointments. Many of the veteran  employees saw this as a waste of time, and although they attended, did little or no work. Management sat with each of these employees individually to figure out what the cause of the issue was. Management created a reward system in which the employee with the most booked appointments gets a free lunch the next day and the employee with the most booked business from these appointments gets to take off the next two Mondays. This incentive had everyone dialing clients consistently and business increased dramatically. To reinforce these behaviors, a scoreboard was put up and the leading 5 employees numbers were updated weekly. Giving a competitive twist to this approach really helped motivation for pr oduction, especially in sales. References Plunkett, R. W., Allen, S. G., & Attner, F. R. (2013). Ch 7 Organizing Principles, Ch 8 Organizational Design, Culture and Change . Management: meeting and exceeding customer expectations (10th ed., ). : Mason, OH :. Footnotes 1[Add footnotes, if any, on their own page following references. For APA formatting requirements, it’s easy to just type your own footnote references and notes. To format a footnote reference, select the number and then, on the Home tab, in the Styles gallery, click Footnote Reference. The body of a footnote, such as this example, uses the Normal text style. (Note: If you delete this sample footnote, don’t forget to delete its in-text reference as well. That’s at the end of the sample Heading 2 paragraph on the first page of body content in this template.)

Idealisms to Blame essays

Idealisms to Blame essays To compare the ecosystems of New England before and after the colonists arrived is to compare two different and ecologically distant places. In the early 1600s New England was a seemingly untouched plethora of animals and plant life. The only inhabitants within this land were several Native American Tribes (Cronon pg. 5). Then the colonists arrived with their European ideals, diseases, and unquenchable thirst for profit. Some historians blame the entire systematic deterioration of the lands ecosystems on the colonists. While other historians dare to speculate that the Native Americans, in fact, contributed to the destruction as well. One thing remains invariable: the New England described in the 1600s is unrecognizable when compared to the one of the 1800s. The colonists defiantly had the largest footprint and gave the metaphoric snowball its push towards a means to an end. The colonists ideology and capitalist belligerence towards commodification forced the land and the Nati ves to drastically transform. Based upon passages from the historical monograph, Changes in the Land, William Cronon eludes that the European invasion was the chief agent of environmental change (Cronon pg. 161). Cronon writes that the colonists came to New England with certain expectations of wealth and prosperity that forced their surroundings to change. The abundance of Sea-Fish are almost beyond believing... how some have killed a hundred geese in a week, fifty ducks at a shot, forty teals at another (Cronon pg. 22-23). Cronon goes on to point out that the English caused the Natives to change from an early village system with hunting and gathering tendencies to one in which they settled in place with crops and domesticated animals. Cronon gives the colonists the blame they earned; the colonists were morally and fundamentally at fault for corrupting a virgin ground and people. The landscape of Ne...

Gang Violence in America essays

Gang Violence in America essays Gang violence presents one of the most significant crime problems in the United States. It is however hardly a recent problem. Indeed, according to Johnson Globalization is noted as one of the culprits in the success of gang activity in the United States (Johnson s online information systems make it easy to obtain information regarding gangs, their members, and their activities. Solutions offered for the gang problem range from governmental interventions to family education. Domestic anti-gang policies are for example suggested, along with migration reforms. Time and space for gang-related activities limited by offering alternative school and youth programs, is another suggestion. The government should also more clearly coordinate its activities with its neighbors such as Mexico and Central America; with the understanding that these connections worsen the condition in the United States. Other suggestions relate to the family and school environment. In the family context, for example, it is noted that...

Structure of The Major Histocompatibiltiy Complex (MHC) Essay

Structure of The Major Histocompatibiltiy Complex (MHC) - Essay Example The functions performed by the complex are: binding of peptide fragments from invading pathogens and then displaying these peptide fragments on the cell surface so that it should be recognized by T-cells fro further degradation. MHC has got two unique properties, which make it difficult for any pathogen to evade immune responses in this way. These are:i) the MHC is polygenic: there are different varieties of MHC class I and MHC class II genes, hence every individual has got a set of MHC molecules with different ranges of peptide-binding specificities.ii) the MHC is highly polymorphic; there are multiple variants of each gene within the population as a whole. The MHC genes are, in fact, the most polymorphic genes known (Janeway 2001). It has become an important and more frequent clinical practice to replace diseased organs through transplantation. The response of the body to tissues with nucleated cells is more severe, as compared to blood transfusion containing anucleated RBCs, and it is the response of T-cells to highly polymorphic MHC molecules. This can be achieved by matching of the MHC type between donor and recipient that is not possible to 100%. (Janeway 2001) Previously rejected graft from a donor decreases the probability of acceptance of the second graft from the same donor to the same recipient and this response even earlier than the first set reject when body rejects it within a week time. This is again mediated by CD8 T cells, by CD4 T cells, or by both and at times even antibodies also become a part of this team (Janeway 2001). Matching donor and recipient at the MHC When donor and recipient differ at the MHC, the immune response, which is known as an alloreactive response as it is directed against antigens (alloantigens) that differ between members of the same species, is directed at the nonself allogeneic MHC molecule or molecules present on the graft. Most tissues contain predominantly MHC class I antigens. Once a graft is rejected due to presence of a particular MHC type, the second graft with the same nonself MHC molecule will also be rejected in a second-set response in a rapid manner. This is because of the frequency of T cells specific for any nonself MHC molecule that is very high, making differences at MHC loci the most potent trigger of the rejection of initial grafts (Janeway 2001). In human, HLA matching significantly improves the success rate of clinical organ transplantation but even it cannot in itself prevent rejection reactions. There are two main reasons behind this phenomenon: a) HLA typing is imprecise, owing to the polymorphism and complexity of the

Leadership Self Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership Self Assessment - Essay Example However, when I adopted the autocratic style of leadership, I noticed that it had made me build a shell around myself and had blocked people’s access to me in many ways. My sternness had provided people with reasons to think negatively about me. Since those were my initial days in the organization, I needed to thoroughly examine the organization to understand its culture, processes and systems and the autocratic style of leadership was serving as a hindrance in me achieving these. This also deterred me from making informed decisions since I did not have much awareness of the organizational systems and as an autocratic leader, it was not suitable to seek advice of my juniors. So I decided to change my approach. I slowly transformed my autocratic style of leadership into a democratic style. It was certainly not easy. More than a change in the style of leadership, it required me to bring a revolutionary change in my personality and image that I projected before my subordinates and followers. Although it did take me some time to bring this 180 degree change in my personality and image, yet it was not impossible to achieve. I used certain strategies and key principles to improve my level of communication and enrich my interaction with my subordinates and followers. The first step I took was opening communication channels with my subordinates and followers. I regularly arranged meetings in which I communicated them my views and opinions, and heard theirs also. I also added many of my subordinates and followers to my profile on Facebook and Twitter to foster greater understanding both ways. Adding them as friends not only helped me have a greater insight into their daily activities, interests, h obbies, and social life both within and beyond the workplace, it also helped them clarify their doubts about me and understand my personality better. Slowly, I noticed a change in their attitude toward me, and for the most part, the change was